The 35-year-old, who was appointed captain in 2023, recently led Ireland in the ICC Men's T20 World Cup 2026, where they finished fourth in Group B.
Stirling featured in only two matches before a knee ligament injury ended his campaign, with Lorcan Tucker taking over the captaincy.
Cricket Ireland confirmed that Stirling will remain part of the T20I setup and continue as ODI captain.
“It has been a tremendous honour to lead Ireland in this format,” Stirling said, adding that he remains fully committed to the team despite stepping down from T20I leadership.